Income in Rwanda
The median income in Rwanda is about $3.09 a day per person (2021 PPP dollars) — richer than 14% of everyone alive. Half of Rwanda lives on less than that.
The world's own median person — about $7.73 a day — would stand in the top 10% of Rwanda.
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The curve
Daily income per person, log scale, PPP dollars — the same curve the machine walks you across.
What it takes to stand where
Take-home income per person, in today's RWF, at each point on the curve of Rwanda (the machine's convention: household take-home divided by the people it supports).
| Richer than… | per year, per person | per day (PPP $) |
|---|---|---|
| 10% of Rwanda | RWF 265,317 | $1.64 |
| 25% of Rwanda | RWF 351,868 | $2.17 |
| 50% of Rwanda | RWF 499,895 | $3.09 |
| 75% of Rwanda | RWF 744,181 | $4.60 |
| 90% of Rwanda | RWF 1,200,396 | $7.42 |
| 99% of Rwanda | RWF 4,901,885 | $30 |
Rounded, never inflated: the machine floors "richer than" claims.
The four levels in Rwanda
How much of Rwanda and of the world lives on each of four income levels. The cuts are the World Bank's $3.00 (international poverty line) and $8.30 (upper-middle-income line), both 2021 PPP; the top cut, $33, is the machine's own, four times the $8.30 line. The objects are what an income on each level tends to buy across the world's surveys — not a description of any one country.
| Level | per day (PPP $) | What tends to come with it, worldwide | Rwanda | World |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Level 1 | under $3.00 | a fire to cook on, water carried home from the well, everywhere on foot | 48% | 13% |
| Level 2 | $3.00–$8.30 | a bicycle, a gas canister for the stove, a tap within walking distance | 44% | 39% |
| Level 3 | $8.30–$33 | a motorbike, a gas stove, a bank account | 7% | 32% |
| Level 4 | $33+ | a car, a fridge, hot water from the tap | 1% | 15% |
- Level 1 · under $3.00 a dayRwanda 48% · World 13%a fire to cook on, water carried home from the well, everywhere on foot
- Level 2 · $3.00–$8.30 a dayRwanda 44% · World 39%a bicycle, a gas canister for the stove, a tap within walking distance
- Level 3 · $8.30–$33 a dayRwanda 7% · World 32%a motorbike, a gas stove, a bank account
- Level 4 · $33+ a dayRwanda 1% · World 15%a car, a fridge, hot water from the tap
About 48% of Rwanda lives on Level 1, under $3.00 a day per person; worldwide, roughly one in seven people do.
The line that moved
In Rwanda, 82% lived under the $3.00 line at the 2000 survey; 39% at the 2023 one — a fall of 43 points in 23 years.
Share of Rwanda under $3.00 a day (2021 prices) at each national survey, World Bank PIP via Our World in Data; the faint line is the world's.
Worldwide, the share under the World Bank's $3.00-a-day line fell from about 43% in 1990 to about 10% today (Our World in Data; the latest years are the Bank's nowcast). Where the lift came, it came the unglamorous way: wages, harvests, workshops.
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Where this comes from
The World Bank's Poverty and Inequality Platform percentile distribution for Rwanda (survey year 2023), in 2021 PPP dollars; incomes typed in today's money are deflated to 2021 prices with the national CPI and converted with the 2021 consumption-PPP factor. Snapshot fetched September 2026. Full methodology & honesty rules.
Neighbours on the curve
The countries whose median income sits nearest to Rwanda's — and a few far from it, for scale.